dihydrocodeine bitartrate, phenylephrine hydrochloride and guaifenesin
Dosage Form: syrup
POLY-TUSSIN EX
Poly-Tussin EX Syrup
Rx Only
CIII
DESCRIPTION
Each 5 mL (one teaspoonful) for oral administration contains:
Dihydrocodeine Bitartrate.................. 7.5 mg
(WARNING- May be habit forming)
Phenylephrine HCl............................. 5 mg
Guaifenesin..................................... 50 mg
This product contains the following inactive ingredients:
Purified Water, Propylene Glycol, Citric Acid, Sodium Citrate, Sodium Saccharin, Glycerin, Sorbitol,
Grape Flavor, Bitter Mask.
This product contains ingredients of the following therapeutic classes: Antitussive, Decongestant and
Expectorant.
Dihydrocodeine Bitartrate is an antitussive with the chemical name Morphinan-6-ol,4,5-epoxy-3-methoxy-
17-methyl-, (5α, 6α)-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioate (1:1) (salt). It has the following structural formula:
Phenylephrine hydrochloride is an orally effective nasal decongestant. Chemically it is benzenemethanol,
3-hydroxy-α-[(methylamino)methyl]-, hydrochloride (R)-. Its chemical structure is as follows:
Guaifenesin is an expectorant with the chemical name 1, 2-Propanediol, 3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-(±)-. It has
the following structural formula:
Poly-Tussin EX Syrup - Clinical Pharmacology
Dihydrocodeine is a semisynthetic narcotic analgesic/antitussive related to codeine, with multiple
actions qualitatively similar to those of codeine: the most prominent of these involve the central
nervous system and organs with smooth muscle components.
Phenylephrine HCl is a sympathomimetic, which acts predominately on alpha-receptors and has
little action on beta-receptors. It therefore functions as an oral nasal decongestant with minimal
CNS stimulation.
Guaifenesin is an expectorant, which increases respiratory tract fluid secretions and helps to
loosen phlegm and bronchial secretions. By reducing the viscosity of secretions, guaifenesin
increases the efficiency of the cough reflex and of ciliary action in removing accumulated
secretions from the trachea and bronchi.
Indications and Usage for Poly-Tussin EX Syrup
This product is indicated for the temporary relief of nasal congestion and dry, non-productive
cough associated with upper respiratory tract infections and allergies.
Contraindications
This combination product is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to dihydrocodeine,
codeine, or any of the active or inactive components listed above, or in any situation where
opioids are contraindicated including significant respiratory depression (in unmonitored settings
or in the absence of resuscitation equipment), acute or severe bronchial asthma or hypercapnia,
and paralytic ileus. Sympathomimetic agents are contraindicated in patients with severe
hypertension, severe coronary artery disease, patients with narrow angle glaucoma, bronchial
asthma, urinary retention, peptic ulcer, and during an asthmatic attack. This product is
contraindicated in women who are pregnant.
Warnings
General: Considerable caution should be exercised in patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus,
ischemic heart disease, hyperthyroidism, increased intraocular pressure, and prostatic hypertrophy.
The elderly (60 years and older) are more likely to exhibit adverse reactions.
Usage in Ambulatory Patients: Dihydrocodeine may impair the mental and/or physical abilities
required for the performance of potentially hazardous tasks such as driving a car or operating
machinery.
Respiratory Depression: Respiratory depression is the most dangerous acute reaction produced by
opioid agonist preparations, although it is rarely severe with usual doses. Opioids decrease the
respiratory tidal volume, minute ventilation, and sensitivity to carbon dioxide. Respiratory depression
occurs most frequently in elderly or debilitated patients, usually after large initial doses in
non-tolerant patients, or when opioids are given in conjunction with other agents that depress
respiration. This combination product should be used with caution in patients with significant chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease or cor pulmonale and in patients with a substantially decreased
respiratory reserve, hypoxia, hypercapnia, or respiratory depression.
Hypertensive Effect: Dihydrocodeine, like all opioid analgesics, may cause hypotension in patients
whose ability to maintain blood pressure has been compromised by a depleted blood volume or who
received concurrent therapy with drugs such as phenothiazine or other agents which compromise
vasomotor tone. This product may produce orthostatic hypotension in ambulatory patients. This
combination product should be administered with caution to patients with circulatory shock since
vasodilation produced by the drug may further reduce cardiac output and blood pressure.
Dependence: Dihydrocodeine can produce drug dependence of the codeine type and has the
potential of being abused. This product should be prescribed and administered with the appropriate
degree of caution (See Drug Abuse and Dependence section).
Precautions
General: This combination product should be used with caution in elderly or debilitated patients
or those with any of the following conditions: adrenocortical insufficiency (e.g., Addison's disease);
asthma; central nervous system depression or coma; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease;
decreased respiratory reserve (including emphysema, severe obesity, cor pulmonale, or
kyphoscoliosis); delirium tremens; diabetes, head injury; hypotension; hypertension; increased
intracranial pressure; myxedema or hypothyroidism; prostatic hypertrophy or urethral structure;
and toxic psychosis. The benefits and risks of opioids in patients taking monoamine oxidase
inhibitors and in those with a history or drug abuse should be carefully considered. This
combination product may aggravate convulsions in patients with convulsive disorders, and like
all opioids, may induce or aggravate seizures in some clinical settings.
Drug Interactions:
General: Sympathomimetic amines may reduce the antihypertensive effects of methyldopa,
mecamylamine, reserpine, and veratrum alkaloids.
Other CNS Depressants: Patients receiving other opioid analgesics, sedatives or hypnotics,
muscle relaxants, general anesthetics, centrally acting anti-emetics, phenothiazines or other
tranquilizers, or alcohol concomitantly with this product may exhibit additive depressant
effects on the central nervous system. When such combination therapy is contemplated, the
dose of one or both agents should be reduced. Concomitant use of dihydrocodeine with alcohol
and other CNS depressants may have an additive effect.
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors: Dihydrocodeine, like all opioids, interact with monoamine
oxidase inhibitors causing central nervous system excitation and hypertension. MAO inhibitors
and beta-adrenergic blockers increase the effects of sympathomimetics.
Information for Patients:
Patients receiving this product should be given the following information:
- This product may inhibit mental or physical abilities required for the performance of potentially hazardous tasks such as driving a car or operating machinery.
- Report any adverse experiences occurring during therapy.
- Do not adjust the dose of this product without consulting the prescribing professional.
- Do not combine this product with alcohol or other central nervous system depressants.
- Women of childbearing potential who become, or are planning to become pregnant should be advised to consult their physician regarding the effects of opioids and other drug use during pregnancy on themselves and their unborn child.
Patients should be advised that this product is a potential drug of abuse. They should protect it from theft, and it should never be given to anyone other than the individual for whom it was prescribed.
Pregnancy:
Teratogenic Effects - Pregnancy Category C: Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted
with this product. It is also not known whether this combination product can cause fetal harm when
administered to pregnant women or can effect reproduction capacity in males and females. This
combination product should be given to a pregnant woman only if clearly needed, especially during
the first trimester.
Nonteratogenic Effects:
Babies born to mothers who have been taking opioids regularly prior to delivery will be physically
dependent. The withdrawal signs include irritability and excessive crying, tremors, hyperactive reflexes,
increased respiratory rate, increased stools, sneezing, yawning, vomiting, and fever. The intensity of
the syndrome does not always correlate with the duration of the maternal opioid use or dose. There is
no consensus on the best method of managing withdrawal. Chlorpromazine 0.7-1.0 mg/kg q6h,
phenobarbital 2 mg/kg q6h, and paregoric 2-4 drops/kg q4h, have been used to treat withdrawal
symptoms in infants. The duration of therapy is 4 to 28 days, with dosages decreased as tolerated.
Labor and Delivery:
This product is not recommended for use by women during and immediately before labor and
delivery because oral opioids may cause respiratory depression in the newborn.
Nursing Mothers:
Due to the possible passage of the ingredients into breast milk, this product should not be given to nursing mothers.
Pediatric Use:
This product is not recommended for use in children under six years of age. Children under two years
may be more susceptible to respiratory arrest, coma, and death. Very young children may be more
susceptible to the effects, especially the vasopressor effects of sympathomimetic amines. Appropriate
studies of the relationship of age to the effects of guaifenesin have not been performed in the pediatric
population. However, no pediatric specific problems have been documented to date.
Geriatric Use:
This product should be given with caution to the elderly.
Hepatic Impairment: This product should be given with caution to patients with hepatic insufficiency.
Since dihydrocodeine is metabolized by the liver the effects of this combination product should be
monitored closely in such patients.
Renal Impairment: This product should be used with caution and at reduced dosage in the presence
of impaired renal function.
Pacreatic/biliary Tract Disease: Opioids may cause spasms of the sphincter of Oddi and should be
used with caution in patients with biliary tract disease, including pancreatitis.
Adverse Reactions
The most frequently observed adverse reactions with dihydrocodeine include light-headedness,
dizziness, drowsiness, headache, fatigue, sedation, sweating, nausea, vomiting, constipation,
pruritis, and skin reactions. With the exception of constipation, tolerance develops to most of
these effects. Other reactions that have been observed with dihydrocodeine or opioids include
respiratory depression, orthostatic hypotension, cough suppression, confusion, diarrhea, miosis,
abdominal pain, dry mouth, indigestion, anorexia, spasm of biliary tract, and urinary retention.
Physical and psychological dependence are possibilities. Hypersensitivity reactions (include
anaphylactoid reactions), hallucinations, vivid dreams, granulomatous interstitial nephritis, severe
narcosis and acute renal failure have been reported rarely during dihydrocodeine administration.
Other reactions observed with the ingredients in this product include lassitude, nausea, giddiness,
dryness of mouth, blurred vision, cardiac palpitations, flushing, increased irritability or excitement
(especially in children).
Drug Abuse and Dependence
This combination product is subject to the provisions of the Controlled Substances Act and
has been placed in Schedule III. Dihydrocodeine can produce drug dependence of the codeine
type and therefore has the potential of being abused. Psychological dependence, physical
dependence, and tolerance may develop upon repeat administration of dihydrocodeine, and it
should be prescribed and administered with the same degree of caution appropriate to the use
of other opioid medications. Symptoms of dihydrocodeine withdrawal consist of irritability,
restlessness, insomnia, diaphoresis, anxiety, and palpitations.
Overdosage
An overdose of this product is a potentially lethal poly-drug overdose situation, and consultation
with a regional Poison Control Center is recommended. A listing of the Poison Control Centers
can be found in a standard reference such as the Physician's Desk Reference.
Signs and Symptoms:
Symptoms of an overdose include pinpoint pupils, respiratory depression, extreme somnolence
progressing to stupor, loss of consciousness or coma, skeletal muscle flaccidity, cold and clammy
skin and other symptoms common with narcotic overdosage. Convulsions, cardiovascular collapse,
and death may occur. A single case of acute rhabdomyolysis associated with an overdose of
dihydrocodeine has been reported.
Recommended Treatment:
Immediate treatment of an overdose of this product includes support of cardiovascular function and
measures to reduce further drug absorption. Vomiting should be induced with syrup of ipecac. If the
patients is alert and has adequate laryngeal reflexes, oral activated charcoal should follow. The first
dose should be accompanied by an appropriate cathartic. Gastric lavage may be necessary.
Hypotension is usually hypovolemic and should be treated with fluids. Endotracheal intubation and
artificial respiration may be necessary. The pure opioid antagonist naloxene or nalmexone is a
specific antidote against respiratory depression that results from opioid overdose. Opioid antagonists
should not be given in the absence of clinically significant respiratory or circulatory depression
secondary to opioid overdose. They should be administered cautiously to persons who are known, or
suspected to be, physically dependent on any opioid agonist including dihydrocodeine. In such cases,
an abrupt or complete reversal of opioid effects may precipitate an acute abstinence syndrome. The
prescribing information for the specific opioid antagonist should be consulted for details of their
proper use.
Poly-Tussin EX Syrup Dosage and Administration
Adults and children over 12 years: 1 to 2 teaspoonfuls (5 mL to 10 mL) every 4 to 6 hours,
as needed. Children 6 to under 12 years of age: 1/2 to 1 teaspoonful (2.5 mL to 5 mL)
every 4 to 6 hours, as needed.
Not recommended for children under 6 years of age.
How is Poly-Tussin EX Syrup Supplied
Poly-Tussin EX is supplied as a clear colorless, alcohol free, gluten free, sugar free,
dye free syrup with a grape flavor in 16 fl oz (473 mL) bottles, NDC 50991-529-16,
and 15 mL professional sample (NDC 50991-529-15)
KEEP THIS AND ALL MEDICATIONS OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN.
IN CASE OF ACCIDENTAL OVERDOSE, SEEK PROFESSIONALASSISTANCE
OR CONTACT A POISON CONTROL CENTER IMMEDIATELY.
Tamper evident by foil seal under cap. Do not use if foil seal is broken or missing.
Store at controlled room temperature, 15o-30oC (59o-86oF).
(On 16 fl oz Bottle:)
Dispense in a tight, light-resistant container as defined in the USP/NF with a child-resistant closure.
This bottle is not to be dispensed to consumer.
(On 15 mL Bottle:)
Supplied in a tight, light-resistant container as defined in the USP/NF with a child-resistant closure.
Rx only
Distributed for:
Poly Pharmaceuticals
Mobile, AL 36619
PRODUCT PACKAGING:
The packaging below represents the labeling currently used:
Principal Display Panel and Side Panel for 473 mL Label:
NDC 50991-529-16
POLY-TUSSIN EX
Antitussive / Decongestant / Expectorant
Each 5 mL (1 teaspoonful) contains:
Dihydrocodeine Bitartrate*........ 7.5 mg
*(WARNING: May be habit forming)
Phenylephrine HCl.................... 5 mg
Guaifenesin............................ 50 mg
Grape Flavor
Alcohol Free / Gluten Free
Sugar Free / Dye Free
CIII
Rx Only
Distributed by:
Poly Pharmaceuticals
Mobile, AL 36619
16 fl oz. (473 mL)
Side Panel:
Adults and children over 12 years: 1 to 2 teaspoonfuls (5 mL to 10 mL) every 4 to 6 hours, as needed.
Children 6 to under 12 years of age: 1/2 to 1 teaspoonful (2.5 mL to 5 mL) every 4 to 6 hours, as needed.
Not recommended for children under 6 years of age.
Refer to the attached package insert for full prescribing information.
KEEP THIS AND ALL MEDICATIONS OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN. IN CASE
OF ACCIDENTAL OVERDOSE, SEEK PROFESSIONAL ASSISTANCE OR CONTACT
A POISON CONTROL CENTER IMMEDIATELY.
Tamper evident by foil seal under cap. Do not use if foil seal is broken or missing.
Storage: Store at controlled room temperature, 15o-30oC (59o-86oF).
Dispense in a tight, light-resistant container with a child-resistant cap.
This bottle is not to be dispensed to consumer.
Rx Only
Manufactured by: Great Southern Laboratories, Houston, TX 77099
Distributed for: Poly Pharmaceuticals, Mobile, AL 36619
Iss. 09/09
Principal Display Panel and Side Panel for 15 mL Label:
NDC 50991-529-15
POLY-TUSSIN EX
Antitussive / Decongestant / Expectorant
Each 5 mL (1 teaspoonful) contains:
Dihydrocodeine Bitartrate*......... 7.5 mg
*(WARNING: May be habit forming)
Phenylephrine HCl................... 5 mg
Guaifenesin........................... 50 mg
Grape Flavor
Alcohol Free / Gluten Free
Sugar Free / Dye Free
Rx Only
CIII
Professional Sample: Not For Sale
1/2 fl oz (15 mL)
Tamper evident by foil seal under cap. Do not use if foil seal is broken or missing.
Supplied in a tight, light-resistant container with a child-resistant cap.
Storage: Store at controlled room temperature, 15o-30oC (59o-86oF).
Manufactured by: Great Southern Laboratories, Houston, TX 77099
Distributed for: Poly Pharmaceuticals, Mobile, AL 36619
Iss. 10/09
Side Panel:
Adults and children over 12 years:
1 to 2 teaspoonfuls (5 mL to 10 mL), every 4 to 6 hours, as needed.
Children 6 to under 12 years of age:
1/2 to 1 teaspoonful (2.5 mL to 5 mL), every 4 to 6 hours, as needed.
Not recommended for children under 6 years of age.
See package insert for full prescribing information.
KEEP THIS AND ALL MEDICATIONS OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN. IN CASE
OF ACCIDENTAL OVERDOSE, SEEK PROFESSIONAL ASSISTANCE OR CONTACT
A POISON CONTROL CENTER IMMEDIATELY.
| POLY-TUSSIN EX dihydrocodeine bitartrate, phenylephrine hydrochloride, and guaifenesin syrup | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| Marketing Information | |||
| Marketing Category | Application Number or Monograph Citation | Marketing Start Date | Marketing End Date |
| unapproved other | 11/16/2009 | ||
| Labeler - Poly Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (198449894) |
| Registrant - Great Southern Laboratories (056139553) |
| Establishment | |||
| Name | Address | ID/FEI | Operations |
| Great Southern Laboratories | 056139553 | manufacture | |
More Poly-Tussin EX Syrup resources
- Poly-Tussin EX Syrup Side Effects (in more detail)
- Poly-Tussin EX Syrup Dosage
- Poly-Tussin EX Syrup Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
- Poly-Tussin EX Syrup Drug Interactions
- 0 Reviews · Be the first to review/rate this drug
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